In the off-grid system with complementary mains power, there are two types of energy output sides, photovoltaic power generation and mains power. The load is energy consumption, and the battery can absorb electric energy and release it to the load. Therefore, in the off-grid system, there are three sources of electricity for the load: mains power, battery priority, and photovoltaics; there are also three charging modes for the battery: the mains Electric charging, photovoltaic charging, mains and photovoltaic charging. The application scenarios and requirements of photovoltaic off-grid users vary greatly, so different modes should be selected according to the actual needs of users to maximize photovoltaics and meet customer requirements as much as possible.

Working principle: Photovoltaics give priority to power supply to the load. When the photovoltaic power is less than the load power, the energy storage battery and photovoltaics supply power to the load together. Mains power supply.

Applicable scenarios: Applicable to areas without electricity or electricity shortage areas, where the price of mains electricity is not very high, and where there are frequent power outages, it should be noted that if there is no photovoltaic power, but the battery power is still sufficient, the inverter will also switch to the city. The disadvantage of carrying the load is that it will cause a certain amount of waste of electricity. The advantage is that if the mains power fails, the battery is still charged and can continue to carry the load. Users with high power requirements can choose this mode.

Working principle: Regardless of whether there is photovoltaic power or whether the battery has power, as long as there is mains power detected, the mains will supply power to the load. Only when the mains power failure is detected, the load will be powered by photovoltaics and batteries.

Applicable scenarios: Applied to places where the mains voltage is stable and the price is cheap, but the power supply time is short. Photovoltaic energy storage is equivalent to a backup UPS power supply. The advantage of this mode is that relatively few photovoltaic modules can be configured, and the initial investment is low. Disadvantages It is because the waste of photovoltaic energy is relatively large, and a lot of time may not be used.

Working principle: Photovoltaics give priority to power supply to the load. When the photovoltaic power is less than the load power, the energy storage battery and photovoltaics supply power to the load together. When there is no photovoltaic, the battery power supplies power to the load alone. , the inverter automatically switches to the mains power supply.

Applicable scenarios: Applied in areas without electricity or in areas short of electricity, where the price of mains electricity is high and there are frequent power outages. It should be noted that when the battery power is used to a low value, the inverter will switch to the mains with load. Advantages The photovoltaic utilization rate is very high. The disadvantage is that the user‘s electricity consumption cannot be fully guaranteed. When the battery is used up, but the mains power fails, there will be no electricity to use. Users who do not have particularly high requirements for power consumption can choose this mode.

The above three working modes can be selected when both photovoltaic and mains power are available. The first mode and the third mode need to detect and use the battery voltage to switch. This voltage is related to the type of battery and the number of installations. , this voltage low point can also be set in the inverter. If there is no utility power complementation, the inverter has only one working mode, which is the battery priority mode.

There are also four ways to charge the battery. If you choose to charge the battery with commercial power, you should notice that the efficiency will decrease, because there will be a certain amount of power loss after charging the battery with commercial power. Usually, off-grid inverter charging The efficiency of discharge is about 90%, so there will be about 10% power loss.

1) Photovoltaic priority: photovoltaics give priority to charging the battery. Only when there is no photovoltaic, the mains will charge the battery. This mode is suitable for users who have relatively expensive mains electricity and do not have particularly high requirements for power supply.

2) Mains power priority: Mains power gives priority to charging the battery, and only when there is no mains power, the photovoltaic will charge the battery. This mode is suitable for scenarios where the mains electricity price is relatively cheap but there are frequent power outages.

3) Simultaneous charging of mains power and photovoltaics: This mode is suitable for users with low mains electricity prices and relatively high power supply requirements.

4) Photovoltaic independent charging: No matter whether there is mains power or not, only photovoltaic charging is used. This mode is suitable for users with extremely high electricity prices and low requirements for power supply.

The above four working modes can be selected when both photovoltaic and mains power are available. If there is no complementary mains power, the inverter has only one working mode, which is the photovoltaic independent charging mode.

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